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sci.geo.meteorology (Meteorology) (sci.geo.meteorology) For the discussion of meteorology and related topics. |
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NASA - Goddard Institute for Space Studies Research News:
Volcanic Blast Location Influences Climate Reaction Mount Katmai erupted on June 6, 1912. Ash devastated areas hundreds of miles away. That eruption is said to have cooled the Northern Hemisphere during the summer, weakened the Asian monsoon, warmed India, and cooled Asia the following winter. Temperatures around the world dropped by 1-2 degrees Fahrenheit up to two years following the eruption. A study based on that eruption concluded that eruptions to the far north of the equator have a different affect on the world's climate to volcanoes in the tropics. There is less cloud cover, warmer temperatures and less precipitation across northern India west into the Persian Gulf. Studies on tropical volcanic eruptions show a change in the, an anticlockwise winds pattern circling the Arctic at about 55 degrees north. (Spinning slowly it sends cold air down toward the equator into the mid-latitudes, a faster spin keeps the cold up north.) Aerosols from Mount Pinatubo's eruption on 12th June 1991, spread around the globe in the troposphere and allegedly blocked the sun, cooling the tropics. It is further alleged that this reduces the north to south temperature difference that helps to shift the Arctic Oscillation, keeping frigid air in the north during the winter, resulting in mild conditions over much of eastern North America. But, when Alaska's Mount Katmai erupted, most of the aerosols remained well to the north, where they were not heated as much. In turn, the lower stratosphere did not warm greatly, so there was little influence on the Arctic Oscillation. http://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/abstracts/...manRobock.html http://www.nasa.gov/vision/earth/env...o_climate.html The study appeared in the July 2005 issue of the Journal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres. These are the snags I came up with: The angle that insolation hits the aerosols in the northern hemisphere will -in summer (as with the Katmai eruption) heat the pollution more than that which appeared with the Pinatubo eruption. The angle of incidence is such that more radiation will get under the aerosols and of course with the increased length of the day, do so for longer. Then there is the fact that glaciers can exist in the tropics despite their height and thus increased exposure to insolation. (From their existence by the way it aught to be pretty clear that insolation is not he be all and end all of meteorology that logic would suggest.) Assuming that the aerosols have different affects at different latitudes is another way of saying that aerosols don't have the effect that they are or were assumed to have. In fact you could say that the temperature differences might well have been caused by another effect altogether. |
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